The intestinal flora or the microbioma is the entirety of all microorganisms such as bacteria, fungi and viruses that live in our intestine. The intestinal flora has many important functions for our body and our health.

• The intestinal flora is already formed during pregnancy and shaped during birth and is composed of a variety of different types of bacteria. These bacteria have important tasks, such as digestion of nutrients and the support of the immune system.
• The intestinal flora supports digestion by splitting nutrients from the food that we could not otherwise digest. It also produces vitamins such as vitamin K and biotin that our body needs to stay healthy.
• Another important aspect of the intestinal flora is its role in the immune system. The bacteria in the intestinal flora help to ward off harmful bacteria and combat infections. You can also reduce inflammation and prevent autoimmune diseases.
• The composition of the intestinal flora can be influenced by many factors, such as nutrition, antibiotics and stress. If the intestinal flora gets out of balance, this can lead to problems such as digestive problems, infections and inflammation.

A healthy intestinal flora can be supported by a balanced diet, regular exercise, sufficient sleep and the absence of harmful substances such as tobacco and alcohol. Probiotic foods and prebiotics can also help promote the growth of useful bacteria in the intestine and strengthen the intestinal flora.

The intestinal mucosa is the inner lining of the intestine and has an important function for the absorption of nutrients and protection against harmful substances.

• The mucous membrane consists of a layer of cells that are packed close together and form the barrier between the interior of the intestine and the rest of the body. On the surface of the intestinal mucosa there are tiny protrusions called villi, which enlarge the surface of the mucous membrane and thus improve the absorption of nutrients.
• The intestinal mucosa also has an important immunological function. It contains special cells of the immune system that protect the mucous membrane from harmful bacteria and viruses. In addition, the intestinal mucosa produces mucus, which covers the surface of the intestinal mucosa and forms a protective layer.
• A disturbed intestinal mucosa can lead to various health problems, such as diarrhea, constipation and chronic inflammation of the intestine.

A healthy intestinal mucosa can be obtained from a healthy diet with many fiber and probiotic foods as well as sufficient fluid intake and regular movement.